Patterns and outcomes of Caesarean Sections in a private hospital, Southeast Nigeria: A 2-year retrospective review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.60787/njgp.v21i1.191Keywords:
Rate, Caesarean Section, Outcome, Private Primary care HospitalAbstract
Background: Caesarean Section (C/S) is done to end labour when the health of mother and or baby is in danger. Reports of C/S in Nigeria come from public tertiary hospitals. The aim of this study is to appraise caesarean sections done in a private hospital southeast Nigeria, and contribute to knowledge.
Materials and methods: This is a retrospective study of age, type of C/S, indications, outcomes, normal vaginal deliveries and C/S from January 1, 2021 to December 31, 2022. Data analysis was done with IBM SPSS version 20. Z test and 2 were used to summarize characteristics of variables. Values with P < 0.05 were taken as significant.
Results: There were 381 deliveries in 2021, 30 (7.87%) were by C/S and 410 in 2022, 56 (13.66%) were by C/S. The rise in rate of C/S is significant, p = 0.008. The total deliveries within the period of study is 791 and 86 were by C/S giving an overall rate of 10.87%. Mother’s mean age was 30.58 ± 5.28 years and age range is 20 to 48 years. The most common indication for C/S was prolonged labour followed by obstructed labour, and 2 or more previous scars. Cephalo-pelvic disproportion and foetal distress came fourth. There was 1 maternal death giving a case fatality rate of 1.16%. There were 5 foetal loses, 2 of which were intrauterine deaths before the surgery and 3 were fresh still births. Most common postoperative complication was wound sepsis that occurred in 4 cases (4.7%). There is no difference in outcome of elective and emergency C/S, p = 0.366.
Conclusion: C/S rate is within the rate recommended by the WHO. Most common indication for C/S is a combination of prolonged and obstructed labour. Most C/S come as emergency. There is no difference in outcome of emergency and elective C/S
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