Evaluation of the Outcome of Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission of HIV/AIDS Program at Imo State University Teaching Hospital Orlu Nigeria (A 5 Year Retrospective Study, 1st January 2012 To 31st December 2016)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.60787/njgp.v22i2.235Keywords:
Outcome, PMTCT, women, Antenatal clinic IMSUTH OrluAbstract
Background: HIV, a highly infectious blood borne virus, poses a major threat to public health globally due to its prevalence rate and grave consequence in causing AIDS.
Objectives: The major objective of this study is to determine the outcome of prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV/AIDS among women who attended antenatal clinic in Imo State University Teaching Hospital (IMSUTH) Orlu from 2021 to 2016.
Methodology: The study was a simple descriptive study carried out among one hundred and fifty four HIV exposed babies whose mothers attended antenatal clinic at IMSUTH, Orlu. Data was collected using profoma and analyzed using simple descriptive statistical methods.
Results: Out of the 154 studied cases, 136 (88.31%) tested negative while 18 (11.69%) tested positive. Of the positives, 3 (16.67%) tested positive at 6 weeks and 15 (83.33%) tested positive at 18 months or more. A total number of 103 (66.88%) women delivered vaginally out of which 14(13.59%) babies tested positive and 89(86.41%) babies tested negative. Of the 51 (33.12%) women delivered by caesarian section, 4 (7.84%) babies tested positive and 47 (92.16) babies tested negative. The difference in vertical transmission with respect to mode of delivery was not statistically significant, p > 0.05. A total of 125 babies (81.17%) were exclusively breastfed and out of which 5 babies (4%) tested positive and 120 babies (96%) tested negative. A total of 29 babies (18.83%) were mixed fed, out of which 13 babies (44.83%) tested positive and 16 (55.17%) tested negative. Mode of feeding of baby significantly affects transmission of HIV to babies, p < 0.001. A total number of 87 (56.49%) males were studied, out of which 10 (11.49%) tested positive and 77 (88.51%) tested negative while 67 (43.51%) females were studied, out of which 8(11.94%) tested positive and 59 (88.06%) tested negative. This showed no gender predilection.
Conclusion: The rate of vertical transmission of HIV/AIDS at IMSUTH amongst mother to child who went through the PMTCT services offered at the center was found to be low, 11.69%. mixed feeding was significantly associated with transmission of HIV infection to babies.
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